Calculation note
Weighted averages are used whenever some observations should count more than others. In school settings, this often appears as categories, credits or exam weights.
Simple average versus weighted average
A simple average gives every value the same importance. A weighted average changes that by letting one value count more heavily, such as a final exam being worth more than a small homework task.
Percent weights and category weights
Gradebooks often use category percentages that add to 100. In that case, each category contribution is its score multiplied by its percent weight.
Arbitrary weights and credits
Weights do not always have to be percentages. Credits, units, frequencies and importance scores can all be used if the final division by total weight is included.
Common mistake
A common error is adding value × weight products but forgetting to divide by total weight when the weights do not add to 100.
Connection to final grades
Final grade calculators are a special weighted-average problem: the current course grade and final exam score each receive a weight in the overall grade.